Differential Diagnosis for Urine Test Results

The provided urine test results show abnormal findings, including high leukocytes, nitrite-negative, and rare bacteria. Based on these results, the following differential diagnoses are considered:

• Single Most Likely Diagnosis
  • Urinary Tract Infection (UTI): The presence of high leukocytes (75 WBCs/mcL) and rare bacteria in the urine suggests a UTI. The patient's symptoms, such as dark yellow urine, also support this diagnosis.
• Other Likely Diagnoses
  • Dehydration: The specific gravity of the urine is 1.022, which is within the normal range but on the higher side. This, combined with the dark yellow color of the urine, may indicate dehydration.
  • Kidney Stone: The presence of 7 RBCs/HPF in the urine could suggest a kidney stone, especially if the patient is experiencing pain or discomfort.
• Do Not Miss Diagnoses
  • Pyelonephritis: Although the patient's symptoms do not explicitly suggest pyelonephritis, it is essential to consider this diagnosis due to the potential severity of the condition. Pyelonephritis is an infection of the kidney, which can be life-threatening if left untreated.
  • Sepsis: If the patient's UTI is not promptly treated, it can lead to sepsis, a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention.
• Rare Diagnoses
  • Interstitial Cystitis: This condition is characterized by chronic inflammation of the bladder, which could lead to abnormal urine test results, including high leukocytes.
  • Tubulointerstitial Nephritis: This rare condition involves inflammation of the kidney tubules and interstitium, which could cause abnormal urine test results, including high leukocytes and RBCs.