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From the Research
Total Number of Ova in a Woman
- The total number of ova a woman has is estimated to be hundreds of thousands to over a million primordial ovarian follicles (PFs) in their ovarian reserve at birth 1.
- Only a few hundred of these PFs will ever ovulate and produce a mature egg 1, 2.
- The size of the primordial pool is influenced by key events during the formation of germ cells and by factors that influence the subsequent activation of follicle growth 2.
- Approximately 0.1% of the oocytes in the primordial pool will ever be ovulated, with the rest undergoing degeneration 2.
Ovarian Reserve and Follicle Development
- Ovarian reserve is a term used to estimate the total number of immature follicles present in the ovaries 3.
- The number of ovarian follicles decreases progressively from birth to menopause 3.
- The dynamics of primordial follicles, including the rate of activation and atresia, play a central role in women's life, affecting fertility early in life and overall health later in life 3.
- In vitro maturation (IVM) offers the possibility to exploit the largely untapped biological resource of oocytes present in the ovaries at birth 4.