Differential Diagnosis for Blocked Ears
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Cerumen Impaction: This is the most common cause of blocked ears, where earwax builds up and obstructs the ear canal. It's often seen in patients who use cotton swabs (Q-tips) to clean their ears, pushing the wax further into the canal.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Middle Ear Effusion: Fluid accumulation in the middle ear, often due to a cold, allergies, or sinus infection, can cause a feeling of fullness or blockage in the ears.
- Eustachian Tube Dysfunction: The Eustachian tube connects the middle ear to the back of the nose and throat. Dysfunction of this tube can lead to a feeling of blocked ears due to inability to regulate air pressure.
- Allergic Rhinitis: Allergies can cause nasal congestion, which in turn can lead to Eustachian tube dysfunction and a sensation of blocked ears.
- Upper Respiratory Tract Infection: Common colds and other upper respiratory infections can cause congestion and lead to a feeling of blocked ears.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Acoustic Neuroma: A rare, benign tumor on the nerve connecting the inner ear to the brain. Although unlikely, missing this diagnosis could lead to significant morbidity, including hearing loss and neurological deficits.
- Otosclerosis: A condition in which there is abnormal bone growth in the middle ear, which can cause hearing loss and a feeling of blocked ears. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment.
- Mastoiditis: An infection of the mastoid bone in the skull, which can spread from the middle ear. It's a serious condition that requires prompt antibiotic treatment to prevent complications.
Rare Diagnoses
- Cholesteatoma: A type of skin cyst located in the middle ear, which can be destructive to the surrounding bone and tissue. It's a rare condition but can cause significant complications if not treated.
- Foreign Body in the Ear: Although more common in children, adults can also accidentally insert objects into their ears, leading to a blockage.
- Relapsing Polychondritis: A rare autoimmune disorder that can cause inflammation and damage to the cartilage in the ears, among other areas, potentially leading to a feeling of blocked ears.