From the Guidelines
Glycerin and bisacodyl suppositories are the recommended options for treating constipation. These suppositories are effective in relieving constipation by either drawing water into the rectum to soften stool or stimulating nerve endings in the colon to promote bowel movement [ 1 ]. Glycerin suppositories are considered gentler and are suitable for children and pregnant women, typically producing results within 15-30 minutes. Bisacodyl suppositories (10mg) usually work within 15-60 minutes but may cause cramping.
Key Considerations
- For adults, insert one suppository rectally and retain it for at least 15 minutes (if possible) before attempting a bowel movement.
- These should be used for short-term relief only, not exceeding 7 consecutive days, as prolonged use can lead to dependence [ 1 ].
- If constipation persists beyond a week, is accompanied by severe pain, bleeding, or occurs after a sudden change in bowel habits, consult a healthcare provider.
Prevention Strategies
- Maintain adequate hydration
- Consume fiber-rich foods
- Exercise regularly
- Respond promptly to the urge to defecate It's essential to note that while these suppositories are effective, they should be part of a broader approach to managing constipation, including dietary changes and lifestyle modifications [ 1 ].
From the FDA Drug Label
Directions adults and children 12 years of age and over 1 suppository in a single daily dose. Peel open plastic. Insert suppository well into rectum, pointed end first. Retain about 15 to 20 minutes children 6 to under 12 years1/2 suppository in a single daily dose children under 6 yearsDo not use The recommended options for laxative suppositories to treat constipation are:
- 1 suppository in a single daily dose for adults and children 12 years of age and over 2
- 1/2 suppository in a single daily dose for children 6 to under 12 years 2
- Do not use for children under 6 years 2
From the Research
Laxative Suppository Options
To treat constipation, several laxative suppository options are available. The choice of suppository depends on the individual's specific needs and medical history.
- Suppositories contain lipophilic fats that melt following insertion into the rectum, releasing a medicine into the body for local or systemic absorption 3.
- Different types of suppositories are available to treat constipation, and the method of insertion varies slightly according to the type used 3.
Recommended Options
Some recommended options for laxative suppositories include:
- Bisacodyl suppositories, which have been shown to be effective in improving stool frequency and consistency in patients with constipation 4, 5.
- Other stimulant laxatives, such as sodium picosulfate, may also be effective in treating constipation 6.
Administration and Safety
When administering a suppository for constipation, it is essential to take a professional and sensitive approach to minimize embarrassment and stress for the patient 3.
- The administration of a suppository can cause discomfort, and patients should be informed of the potential side effects and benefits of treatment.
- Long-term use of stimulant laxatives, including bisacodyl, has raised concerns about safety and effectiveness, and more research is needed to fully understand their effects 6.
Efficacy and Safety
Studies have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of bisacodyl in treating constipation, including in pediatric patients 7.
- Bisacodyl has been shown to improve bowel function, constipation-related symptoms, and disease-related quality of life in patients with chronic constipation 5.
- However, the evidence base does not support the use of stimulant laxatives for more than four weeks, and longer-term studies are needed to investigate their effects and safety 6.