Differential Diagnosis for Scalp Tenderness and Excess Hairfall
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Androgenetic Alopecia: This condition is the most common cause of hair loss and can be associated with scalp tenderness due to the inflammatory response in the scalp. It's characterized by a gradual thinning of hair, especially on the scalp, and is influenced by genetics and hormonal factors.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Alopecia Areata: An autoimmune condition that leads to patchy hair loss and can cause scalp tenderness. The exact cause is unknown, but it's believed to involve an immune response against the hair follicles.
- Telogen Effluvium: A condition that causes excessive hair shedding after a major body stress, such as severe illness, psychological stress, or major surgery. It can also lead to scalp tenderness due to the increased hair fall.
- Tinea Capitis (Ringworm of the Scalp): A fungal infection that can cause hair loss, scalp tenderness, and redness. It's more common in children but can occur in adults as well.
- Psoriasis: An autoimmune condition that can cause scalp tenderness, redness, and hair loss due to the formation of scales on the scalp.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Lupus: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can cause hair loss and scalp tenderness as part of its wide range of symptoms. Missing this diagnosis could lead to severe complications if left untreated.
- Thyroid Disorders: Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can cause hair loss and scalp tenderness. These conditions require prompt treatment to prevent long-term complications.
- Cancer (e.g., Lymphoma): Certain types of cancer, such as lymphoma, can cause hair loss and scalp tenderness. Early detection is crucial for effective treatment.
Rare Diagnoses
- Loose Anagen Syndrome: A rare condition that causes excessive hair shedding due to the hair being easily pulled out. It can be associated with scalp tenderness.
- Monilethrix: A rare genetic condition that affects the hair shaft, leading to brittle hair that breaks easily, and can cause scalp tenderness.
- Trichotillomania: A psychological disorder characterized by an irresistible urge to pull out one's own hair, leading to hair loss and potential scalp tenderness.