From the Guidelines
Yes, there is a correlation between smoking and hearing loss, with smokers being at a higher risk of developing hearing loss due to the deleterious effects of smoking on hearing health, as noted in the clinical practice guideline: age-related hearing loss executive summary 1. The exact mechanisms by which smoking affects hearing are complex and multifaceted, involving reduced blood flow to the inner ear, introduction of toxins that damage hair cells, and irritation of the Eustachian tube and middle ear, potentially leading to infections and reduced hearing function. Key points to consider include:
- Smoking damages hearing through multiple mechanisms, including reducing blood flow to the inner ear and introducing toxins that directly damage the delicate hair cells in the cochlea 1.
- The risk of hearing loss increases with the amount and duration of smoking, making it a cumulative risk factor 1.
- Secondhand smoke exposure also poses risks, particularly for children, highlighting the importance of avoiding smoke exposure altogether 1.
- Quitting smoking can help prevent further hearing damage, though some existing damage may be permanent, emphasizing the need for early intervention and prevention strategies 1.
- For those concerned about hearing health, avoiding or quitting smoking is an important preventive measure, along with protecting ears from loud noise exposure and getting regular hearing checkups, as part of a comprehensive approach to maintaining hearing health 1.
From the Research
Correlation Between Smoking and Hearing Loss
- There is a significant correlation between smoking and hearing loss, with studies suggesting that smoking increases the risk of hearing loss [ 2, 3,4,5,6 ].
- The risk of hearing loss tends to increase with the number of cigarettes smoked per day and the duration of smoking [ 2, 3,4 ].
- Smoking cessation can reduce the risk of hearing loss, with some studies suggesting that the excess risk of hearing loss associated with smoking disappears after quitting [ 2, 4 ].
Study Findings
- A 2019 study found that current smokers had a hazard ratio of 1.6 for high-frequency hearing loss and 1.2 for low-frequency hearing loss compared to never smokers [ 2 ].
- A 2021 study found that smokers had significantly higher hearing levels in audiometry tests compared to non-smokers, with participants who had been smoking for more than 10 years having higher hearing levels 3.
- A 2020 study found that smoking was associated with a higher risk of self-reported moderate or worse hearing loss in women, with the risk diminishing with greater time since smoking cessation 4.
Mechanism of Hearing Loss
- The exact mechanism of hearing loss due to smoking is not fully understood, but it is thought to be related to the toxic effects of cigarette smoke on the auditory system 5, 6.
- Smoking may cause damage to the hair cells in the inner ear, leading to hearing loss 5, 6.