From the Research
Arthroscopic treatment of popliteal cysts, specifically arthroscopic communication-enlargement surgery with cyst wall removal, is the most effective treatment option for recalcitrant cases, as it addresses both the cyst and underlying intra-articular knee pathologies 1. The treatment for popliteal fossa cysts (Baker's cysts) depends on symptom severity and underlying causes. For mild cases, conservative management is recommended, including rest, ice application to reduce swelling, compression with elastic bandages, and elevation of the affected leg. Over-the-counter pain medications such as acetaminophen (500-1000mg every 6 hours as needed) or NSAIDs like ibuprofen (400-600mg three times daily with food) can help manage pain and inflammation. Some key points to consider in the treatment of popliteal fossa cysts include:
- Conservative management for mild cases
- Aspiration of the cyst fluid using a needle and syringe under ultrasound guidance for temporary relief
- Corticosteroid injection into the knee joint to reduce inflammation
- Treating underlying knee pathology such as meniscal tears or arthritis for long-term resolution
- Arthroscopic treatment for recalcitrant cases, as it has been shown to be effective in addressing both the cyst and underlying intra-articular knee pathologies 1, 2. It's worth noting that the most recent and highest quality study 1 supports the use of arthroscopic communication-enlargement surgery with cyst wall removal as the most effective treatment option for recalcitrant cases.