From the Research
Semaglutide is not well absorbed sublingually and is not recommended for sublingual administration. Semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist used for diabetes management and weight loss, is a large peptide molecule that cannot effectively penetrate the oral mucosa when placed under the tongue. The medication is specifically formulated for either subcutaneous injection (Ozempic, Wegovy) or oral administration with an absorption enhancer (Rybelsus) 1. The subcutaneous formulations rely on direct injection into fatty tissue, while the oral version (Rybelsus) contains a special absorption enhancer called SNAC that protects the peptide from degradation in the stomach and facilitates absorption in the small intestine. Without these specific delivery mechanisms, semaglutide would be rapidly degraded by enzymes and would have extremely poor bioavailability.
Key Points to Consider
- Semaglutide is a large peptide molecule that requires specific delivery mechanisms to ensure proper absorption and therapeutic effect 2, 3.
- The oral version of semaglutide (Rybelsus) contains an absorption enhancer that facilitates absorption in the small intestine 4, 5.
- Sublingual administration of semaglutide is not recommended due to poor bioavailability and potential degradation by enzymes 1.
- Patients should only use semaglutide as prescribed—either as a once-weekly injection or as a daily oral tablet taken on an empty stomach with a small amount of water—to ensure proper absorption and therapeutic effect.
Clinical Implications
The use of semaglutide as prescribed is crucial to ensure proper absorption and therapeutic effect. Sublingual administration is not recommended due to poor bioavailability and potential degradation by enzymes. The oral version of semaglutide (Rybelsus) is a viable option for patients who prefer oral administration, but it must be taken as directed to ensure proper absorption. Healthcare providers should educate patients on the proper use of semaglutide to maximize its therapeutic benefits and minimize potential adverse effects 2, 1.