From the Research
Yes, dehydration can cause an increase in red blood cell count, total leukocyte count, and platelet count in a 10-month-old male within 6 days, along with worsening kidney function tests. This occurs due to hemoconcentration, where blood components become more concentrated as fluid volume decreases. When a child becomes dehydrated, the body loses water but retains blood cells, causing cell counts to appear artificially elevated. The kidneys are particularly vulnerable to dehydration, especially in infants, as reduced blood flow to the kidneys leads to decreased filtration and impaired function. This manifests as elevated creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, as seen in the patient's worsened kidney function tests (KFT) with uric acid 21.1, creatinine 3.24, and urea 107.1 1. Prompt rehydration with appropriate fluids is essential, typically starting with oral rehydration solutions like Pedialyte if the child can tolerate oral intake, or intravenous fluids in more severe cases. The treatment goal is to restore fluid balance, which will normalize blood counts and improve kidney function. Parents should monitor for signs of dehydration including decreased wet diapers, dry mouth, sunken eyes, lethargy, and lack of tears when crying. Addressing the underlying cause of dehydration, whether from diarrhea, vomiting, fever, or inadequate intake, is also crucial for complete recovery. A recent study 2 highlights the importance of understanding the effects of dehydration on blood components and kidney function, emphasizing the need for prompt and appropriate rehydration to prevent long-term complications. In this case, the increase in RBC count, TLC, and platelet count, along with worsened KFT, can be attributed to dehydration-induced hemoconcentration, and prompt rehydration is necessary to restore normal blood counts and kidney function.