Differential Diagnosis for "Does this patient dilate?"

It appears there's a typo in the question, and it might be referring to "dili" as in "dilate" in a medical context, possibly related to pupil dilation. Given the context is unclear, I'll approach this with a broad interpretation related to medical conditions that could cause dilation or are related to the term "dili" if it's a typo or abbreviation for a medical condition.

• Single most likely diagnosis:

  • Pupil Dilation: This could be due to various factors such as neurological conditions (e.g., third cranial nerve palsy), medications (e.g., mydriatics), or systemic conditions (e.g., adrenal insufficiency). The justification for this being the most likely is based on the assumption that "dili" might be a typo or shorthand for a condition related to dilation.

• Other Likely diagnoses:

  • Mydriasis: A condition characterized by the dilation of the pupils, which can be caused by a variety of factors including medications, injuries, or neurological disorders.
  • Adie Syndrome: A rare neurological disorder affecting the nerves that control eye movement and pupil size, leading to a dilated pupil.
  • Horner Syndrome: A neurological disorder characterized by a constricted pupil on the affected side, but it's considered here because it affects pupil size, albeit in a different manner.

• Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.):

  • Third Cranial Nerve Palsy: This condition can cause pupil dilation and is associated with serious underlying conditions such as aneurysms or stroke.
  • Traumatic Brain Injury: Severe head injuries can cause pupil dilation due to increased intracranial pressure or direct injury to the nerves controlling pupil size.
  • Cerebral Vasculitis: Inflammation of the blood vessels in the brain can lead to various neurological symptoms, including changes in pupil size.

• Rare diagnoses:

  • Argyll Robertson Pupil: A condition where the pupils constrict when focusing on a near object but do not react to light, often associated with neurosyphilis.
  • Holmes-Adie Syndrome: Already mentioned, but included here as well because it's rare and might fit under both "Other Likely" and "Rare" depending on the context.

This differential diagnosis is speculative due to the unclear nature of the question. In a real clinical scenario, a clear and detailed history, along with a thorough physical examination, would be essential to narrow down the differential diagnoses.