From the Guidelines
Zyvox (linezolid) is used to treat serious infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), and certain strains of Streptococcus. It is specifically approved for treating pneumonia, complicated skin and skin structure infections, and infections caused by vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium 1. The typical adult dose is 600 mg every 12 hours for 10-14 days, though duration may vary based on the specific infection 1. Linezolid works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 23S ribosomal RNA of the 50S subunit, preventing the formation of the initiation complex. Some key points to consider when using linezolid include:
- Potential interactions with serotonergic medications and certain foods high in tyramine
- Prolonged use may cause bone marrow suppression requiring regular blood monitoring
- Linezolid is available in oral tablets, oral suspension, and intravenous forms, allowing for flexibility in administration
- It has been shown to be effective in treating infections caused by MRSA, with some studies suggesting it may be more effective than vancomycin in certain cases 1. Overall, linezolid is a valuable option for treating serious Gram-positive infections, particularly those caused by MRSA and VRE.
From the FDA Drug Label
ZYVOX formulations are indicated in the treatment of the following infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium infections, including cases with concurrent bacteremia Nosocomial pneumonia caused by Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin-susceptible and -resistant strains), or Streptococcus pneumoniae (including multi-drug resistant strains [MDRSP]) Complicated skin and skin structure infections, including diabetic foot infections, without concomitant osteomyelitis, caused by Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin-susceptible and -resistant strains), Streptococcus pyogenes, or Streptococcus agalactiae. Uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin-susceptible only) or Streptococcus pyogenes. Community-acquired pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (including multi-drug resistant strains [MDRSP]2), including cases with concurrent bacteremia, or Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin-susceptible strains only)
Zyvox (linezolid) treats the following infections:
- Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium infections
- Nosocomial pneumonia caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Complicated skin and skin structure infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, or Streptococcus agalactiae
- Uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes
- Community-acquired pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae or Staphylococcus aureus 2
From the Research
Infections Treated by Zyvox (Linezolid)
Zyvox (linezolid) is used to treat various infections caused by gram-positive bacteria, including:
- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
- Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) 3, 4, 5
- Glycopeptide-intermediate S. aureus (GISA) 3
- Penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 3
- Complicated skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) 3, 4, 6, 7
- Nosocomial pneumonia 3, 4
- Community-acquired pneumonia 3, 4
- Uncomplicated SSTIs 3, 7
- Bone and joint infections 6
- Bloodstream infections 6
- Lower respiratory tract infections 5, 6
Key Characteristics of Zyvox (Linezolid)
- Effective against a broad range of gram-positive bacteria, including multidrug-resistant strains 3, 4, 5
- Available for intravenous and oral administration 3, 4, 5
- Good penetration into pulmonary, skin, and soft tissue 5
- Generally well-tolerated, with common adverse events including diarrhea, headache, nausea, and vomiting 3, 4, 6
- May cause thrombocytopenia and myelosuppression 4, 5