From the Guidelines
A lipoma is a benign tumor composed of adipose tissue, which is distinct from atypical lipomatous tumors (ALT) in that it lacks the propensity for local recurrence and dedifferentiation into a more aggressive disease. The key characteristics of a lipoma include its slow growth, mobility, and painless nature, typically presenting as a small, soft lump beneath the skin 1. Some of the common locations where lipomas develop include the neck, shoulders, back, abdomen, arms, and thighs. The diagnosis of a lipoma can be confirmed through imaging studies such as MRI, which can differentiate it from ALT in up to 69% of cases 1. However, the definitive diagnostic test is the molecular demonstration of amplification of the MDM-2 cell cycle oncogene through fluorescence in-situ hybridisation 1. Lipomas are generally harmless and do not require treatment unless they become painful, grow larger, or cause cosmetic concerns. In such cases, treatment options include surgical excision, liposuction, or steroid injections to shrink the lipoma. It is essential to evaluate any new lump by a healthcare provider to confirm it's a lipoma and not something more serious, such as an atypical lipomatous tumor. The management of lipomas is primarily focused on relieving symptoms and improving quality of life, rather than addressing a potentially life-threatening condition. Key factors to consider in the management of lipomas include the size, location, and potential impact on surrounding tissues, as well as the patient's overall health and preferences. In general, a lipoma is a benign condition that can be effectively managed with minimal intervention, and patients can expect a good prognosis and quality of life.
From the Research
Definition and Characteristics of Lipoma
- Lipoma is a benign tumor composed of mature fat cells, also known as adipose tissue 2, 3, 4.
- It is the most common soft-tissue tumor and can occur anywhere in the body, often referred to as a "universal" or ubiquitous tumor 2.
- Lipomas are typically regarded as a mass that is painless, asymptomatic, and slow-growing 2.
Classification and Types of Lipoma
- There are three main varieties of lipoma: encapsulated, diffuse, and multiple lipomas 2.
- Lipomas can also be classified into different types based on their location, such as subcutaneous, subfascial, intramuscular, subserous, submucous, and intra-articular 2.
- Some lipomas may contain other tissues, including fibrolipoma, neurolemma, and myelolipoma 2.
Clinical Presentation and Treatment
- Lipomas can range in size from small to giant, with giant lipomas defined as those that measure at least 10 cm in diameter or weigh a minimum of 1000 g 2, 5.
- Giant lipomas can cause functional limitations, such as lymphedema, pain syndromes, or nerve compression 2.
- Treatment of lipomas typically involves surgical removal, with the goal of removing the tumor with a margin of healthy tissue to prevent recurrence 5.
- In some cases, lipomas may undergo malignant transformation, highlighting the importance of careful diagnosis and treatment 5, 6.