Differential Diagnosis for Brown Discoloration of Iris
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Heterochromia Iridis: This condition is characterized by the variation in color of the iris, which can present as brown discoloration. It can be congenital or acquired due to various factors, including injury or inflammation.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Melanosis: An increase in melanin pigment within the iris can cause brown discoloration. This can be due to various factors, including genetic predisposition, sun exposure, or certain medications.
- Iris Melanoma: Although less common, melanoma of the iris can present with brown discoloration due to the accumulation of melanin-producing tumor cells.
- Chronic Uveitis: Long-standing inflammation within the eye can lead to the deposition of pigment on the iris surface, resulting in brown discoloration.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Ocular Melanosis with Glaucoma: While not the most common cause of brown iris discoloration, ocular melanosis associated with glaucoma is a critical diagnosis to consider due to its potential for severe vision loss if left untreated.
- Malignant Melanoma with Metastasis: Although rare, the possibility of metastatic melanoma affecting the iris and causing brown discoloration is a diagnosis that cannot be missed due to its grave prognosis.
Rare Diagnoses
- Fuchs Heterochromic Iridocyclitis: A rare form of uveitis characterized by heterochromia of the iris, which can include brown discoloration, along with other ocular findings.
- Congenital Ocular Melanocytosis: A rare condition present at birth, characterized by an excessive amount of melanin pigment in and around the eye, which can cause brown discoloration of the iris.
- Siderosis Bulbi: Caused by the deposition of iron from an intraocular foreign body, leading to various ocular manifestations, including brown discoloration of the iris.