Differential Diagnosis for Burning in the Knee after Knee Surgery

Single Most Likely Diagnosis

• Residual or recurrent meniscal injury: This is a common cause of persistent knee pain and burning sensation after knee surgery, especially if the initial surgery was for a meniscal repair or removal. The meniscus may not have healed properly, or there could be a new injury.

Other Likely Diagnoses

• Arthrofibrosis: This is a condition characterized by the formation of excessive scar tissue in the knee joint, leading to stiffness, pain, and burning sensations. It can occur after knee surgery, especially if there was significant trauma or if the patient had limited mobility during the recovery period.
• Neuroma or nerve damage: During knee surgery, nerves can be damaged or irritated, leading to burning sensations, numbness, or tingling in the knee. A neuroma, a benign growth of nerve tissue, can also form and cause these symptoms.
• Infection or chronic inflammation: Although less common, an infection or chronic inflammation in the knee joint can cause burning sensations, pain, and swelling. This could be related to the initial surgery or a new infection.

Do Not Miss Diagnoses

• Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE): Although rare, DVT or PE can cause burning sensations or pain in the knee, especially if there is associated swelling or redness. These conditions are life-threatening and require immediate medical attention.
• Osteonecrosis: This is a condition where the bone tissue dies due to lack of blood supply. It can occur after knee surgery, especially if there was significant trauma or if the patient has a history of steroid use or other risk factors.
• Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS): This is a chronic pain condition that can occur after surgery, injury, or trauma. It is characterized by burning sensations, pain, and swelling in the affected limb.

Rare Diagnoses

• Rheumatologic conditions: Certain rheumatologic conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus, can cause burning sensations and pain in the knee. However, these conditions are relatively rare and would typically be accompanied by other systemic symptoms.
• Tumor or cyst: A tumor or cyst in the knee joint can cause burning sensations, pain, and swelling. However, these conditions are rare and would typically be accompanied by other symptoms such as a palpable mass or significant swelling.