From the Research
The drug known as "químico" in Cuba is primarily composed of synthetic cannabinoids, which are laboratory-created chemicals designed to mimic the effects of THC, the main psychoactive component in cannabis. These synthetic compounds are typically sprayed onto dried plant material to be smoked or sold as liquids for vaping. The exact chemical composition varies widely as manufacturers frequently alter formulas to evade drug laws. Common synthetic cannabinoids found in "químico" include JWH compounds, AM compounds, and various other novel psychoactive substances. These chemicals bind to the same brain receptors as THC but often with much greater potency, leading to more severe and unpredictable effects. The drug frequently contains harmful additives and contaminants that increase health risks, as noted in a study on the dangers of non-US FDA-approved substances of abuse 1. Users experience intense highs, hallucinations, and severe side effects including psychosis, seizures, and organ damage. The inconsistent composition makes "químico" particularly dangerous, as consumers cannot know the potency or exact chemicals they are ingesting. This is further complicated by the fact that many illicit substances are adulterated or contaminated, which can lead to direct cardiovascular, neurologic, hematologic, or dermatologic reactions or obscure adverse effects, as discussed in a study on the risks associated with novel psychoactive substances 2. Given the potential for severe health consequences, it is essential to prioritize caution and consider the risks associated with the use of "químico" and other synthetic cannabinoids. Key points to consider include:
- The variable composition of "químico" and the potential for harmful additives and contaminants
- The increased risk of severe and unpredictable effects due to the high potency of synthetic cannabinoids
- The potential for adverse reactions and long-term health consequences, including psychosis, seizures, and organ damage
- The importance of targeted toxicological analysis in cases of suspected intoxication with novel psychoactive substances, as noted in a study on the effects and risks associated with these substances 2.