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Differential Diagnosis for Prominent Sacral Dimple with Tuft of Hair

Single Most Likely Diagnosis

  • Spinal Dysraphism: This condition, which includes a range of spinal anomalies, is the most likely diagnosis due to the presence of a sacral dimple and a tuft of hair. These signs are indicative of an underlying spinal defect, such as spina bifida occulta or a tethered cord, where the spinal cord becomes attached to the spine and can cause neurological problems.

Other Likely Diagnoses

  • Dermoid Cyst: A dermoid cyst, which can form along the spine, may present with a sacral dimple and associated hair, due to the abnormal collection of cells and tissues.
  • Lipoma: A lipoma, especially one associated with the spine, can cause a sacral dimple and may have overlying hair, due to its fatty tissue composition.
  • Teratoma: Although less common, a teratoma, which is a type of tumor containing several different types of tissues, could present similarly, especially if it involves the sacral area.

Do Not Miss Diagnoses

  • Tethered Cord Syndrome: This is a critical diagnosis not to miss, as it can lead to significant neurological deterioration if not addressed. The presence of a sacral dimple and tuft of hair could indicate a tethered cord, which requires surgical intervention.
  • Meningocele or Myelomeningocele: These conditions, where the meninges or spinal cord protrude through a defect in the spine, are critical to diagnose early due to their significant implications for neurological function and infection risk.

Rare Diagnoses

  • Neurenteric Cyst: A rare congenital anomaly where there's an abnormal connection between the intestine and the spinal cord, which could potentially present with a sacral dimple and hair.
  • Spinal AVM (Arteriovenous Malformation): Although rare, an AVM in the spinal region could potentially cause a sacral dimple and associated findings, including a tuft of hair, due to the abnormal vascular structure.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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