Differential Diagnosis for Night Sweats

Single Most Likely Diagnosis

• Tuberculosis (TB): Night sweats are a classic symptom of TB, especially in its pulmonary form. The body's immune response to the infection can cause an increase in body temperature at night, leading to sweating.

Other Likely Diagnoses

• Menopause: Hormonal changes during menopause can lead to hot flashes and night sweats in many women.
• Hypothyroidism: Although less common, some individuals with hypothyroidism may experience night sweats due to the metabolic changes associated with this condition.
• Anxiety and Stress: Significant stress and anxiety can lead to night sweats as part of the body's 'fight or flight' response.
• Medications: Certain medications, such as antidepressants, can cause night sweats as a side effect.

Do Not Miss Diagnoses

• Lymphoma: Night sweats can be a symptom of lymphoma, particularly Hodgkin's lymphoma. Early detection is crucial for effective treatment.
• Infections (e.g., Endocarditis, Osteomyelitis): Systemic infections can cause night sweats due to the body's inflammatory response.
• HIV Infection: Night sweats can be an early symptom of HIV infection, making it critical to consider in the differential diagnosis.

Rare Diagnoses

• Pheochromocytoma: A rare tumor of the adrenal gland that can cause episodes of sweating, including night sweats, due to excessive catecholamine release.
• Neurological Disorders (e.g., Autonomic Dysfunction): Certain rare neurological conditions can affect the body's temperature regulation, leading to night sweats.
• Carcinoid Syndrome: A rare condition caused by a neuroendocrine tumor that can lead to flushing and sweating, including night sweats.