What is the gold standard for asthma treatment?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: March 3, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

From the Guidelines

The gold standard for asthma treatment is a stepwise approach using inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) as the foundation of long-term control therapy. For mild intermittent asthma, short-acting beta-agonists (SABAs) like albuterol (2 puffs every 4-6 hours as needed) are used for symptom relief 1. For persistent asthma, low-dose ICS such as fluticasone (88-220 mcg twice daily) or budesonide (180-360 mcg twice daily) are the primary controller medications. As asthma severity increases, treatment escalates to include combination therapy with ICS plus long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs) like fluticasone/salmeterol or budesonide/formoterol 1.

Key Components of Asthma Treatment

  • Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) reduce airway inflammation and are the most consistently effective long-term control medication for persistent asthma 1
  • Long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs) are used in combination with ICS for long-term control and prevention of symptoms in moderate or severe persistent asthma 1
  • Short-acting beta-agonists (SABAs) are used for rapid reversal of airflow obstruction and prompt relief of asthmatic symptoms 1
  • Leukotriene modifiers, such as montelukast, can be used as alternative or adjunctive therapy for mild persistent asthma 1

Treatment Approach

The stepwise approach for asthma treatment involves:

  • Initiating treatment with low-dose ICS for mild persistent asthma
  • Adding LABAs to ICS for moderate persistent asthma
  • Increasing the dose of ICS or adding other controllers, such as leukotriene modifiers or biologics, for severe persistent asthma 1
  • Regularly reassessing and adjusting treatment based on symptom control, with the goal of using the lowest effective dose to minimize side effects while maintaining control 1

From the FDA Drug Label

HIGHLIGHTS OF PRESCRIBING INFORMATION ... INDICATIONS AND USAGE Wixela Inhub® is a combination product containing a corticosteroid and a long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist (LABA) indicated for: • Twice-daily treatment of asthma in patients aged 4 years and older. (1.1)

The gold standard for asthma treatment is not explicitly stated in the provided drug label. However, based on the information provided, inhalation corticosteroids and long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonists (LABAs), such as fluticasone propionate and salmeterol, are commonly used for the treatment of asthma.

  • The label indicates that Wixela Inhub, a combination of fluticasone propionate and salmeterol, is used for the twice-daily treatment of asthma in patients aged 4 years and older. However, it is essential to note that the label does not provide a clear answer to the question of what the gold standard for asthma treatment is. 2

From the Research

Asthma Treatment

The gold standard for asthma treatment involves a combination of medications, including:

  • Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) as the mainstay of treatment 3, 4, 5
  • Long-acting beta-agonists (LABA) for patients with moderate or severe disease 3, 4, 5, 6
  • A stepwise approach to therapy, with treatment stepped up or down based on adequacy of asthma control 4, 5

Combination Therapy

Combination therapy of ICS and LABA is established as a most effective treatment for moderate to severe asthma, providing better day-to-day control and a reduction in exacerbations compared with monotherapy with ICS at a lower dose 3. The benefits of combination therapy include:

  • Better control of symptoms
  • Reduced risk of exacerbations
  • Improved lung function
  • Reduced need for short-acting beta-agonists

Treatment Strategies

Asthma treatment is based on a stepwise and control-based approach, involving an iterative cycle of assessment, adjustment of treatment, and review of response aimed to minimize symptom burden and risk of exacerbations 7. Treatment strategies include:

  • Anti-inflammatory treatment as the mainstay of asthma management
  • Use of reliever and controller medications
  • Individualized treatment tailored to the severity of the disease and phenotypic characteristics of each patient 4

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Pharmacotherapy of patients with stable bronchial asthma.

The National medical journal of India, 2016

Research

Asthma treatment: inhaled beta-agonists.

Canadian respiratory journal, 1998

Research

Treatment strategies for asthma: reshaping the concept of asthma management.

Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2020

Related Questions

What is the best treatment approach for a 54-year-old male with poorly controlled asthma?
What is the most appropriate initial pharmacotherapy for a 12-year-old girl with moderate asthma, presenting with tachypnea (rapid breathing), tachycardia (rapid heart rate), and bilateral expiratory wheezes?
What is the preferred treatment for a 14-year-old patient with a history of episodic wheezing, currently using albuterol (short-acting beta-agonist) as needed, who experiences nighttime wheezing and has required urgent care visits and short courses of oral corticosteroids?
What is the best treatment approach for a patient with well-controlled asthma, previously prescribed Cymba Cort (budesonide) and albuterol HFA (albuterol) inhaler, who has not used any inhalers for the past 6 months and has no current symptoms?
What is the appropriate discharge plan for a 38-year-old male patient who was admitted for a severe asthma attack, is now asymptomatic and stable with equal bilateral air entry and no wheezing?
What blood work is recommended for the assessment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)?
Is it possible to insert a vascular access port (VAP) in the arm?
What are the distinguishing features between Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) and atrial flutter?
What are the diagnostic guidelines for childhood psychiatric disorders?
What are the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) criteria for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)?
What is malignant hypertension?

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.