What is bacitracin (polypeptide antibiotic)?

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Last updated: March 3, 2025View editorial policy

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From the FDA Drug Label

Active ingredient (each gram contains) Bacitracin 500 units The FDA drug label does not answer the question.

From the Research

Bacitracin is a polypeptide antibiotic primarily used as a topical treatment for minor skin infections, wounds, and burns, working by preventing bacterial cell wall formation and killing susceptible bacteria like staphylococci and streptococci 1.

Key Characteristics of Bacitracin

  • It is typically available as an ointment (500 units/g) and should be applied to clean, dry skin 1-3 times daily after gently washing the affected area with mild soap and water.
  • A thin layer should be spread over the wound and covered with a sterile bandage if needed.
  • Treatment should continue until the infection clears, usually within 7-10 days, but medical attention is necessary if symptoms worsen or persist beyond this timeframe.

Important Considerations

  • While generally safe for topical use, bacitracin can cause allergic reactions in some people, manifesting as redness, itching, or rash 2.
  • It should not be used in the eyes or over large areas of damaged skin.
  • Bacitracin is sometimes combined with other antibiotics like polymyxin B and neomycin in triple antibiotic ointments for broader antimicrobial coverage 3.

Recent Developments

  • Recent studies have led to the development of rationally designed bacitracin variants that exhibit potent activity against vancomycin-resistant pathogens, offering new possibilities for the treatment of infections caused by drug-resistant bacteria 1.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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