Plant Sterol Content in Cabbage
Cabbage contains approximately 14 mg of plant sterols per 100g of edible portion, which is relatively low compared to other plant food sources.
Plant Sterol Content in Different Food Categories
Plant sterols (phytosterols) are naturally occurring compounds found in all plant-based foods, but their concentration varies significantly between different food sources:
- Plant oils: Highest concentration of phytosterols 1, 2
- Nuts and seeds: Moderate levels of phytosterols 3, 2
- Fruits and vegetables: Generally contain the lowest concentrations 4, 2
Specific Content in Vegetables
The median plant sterol content in vegetables commonly consumed in Sweden was found to be 14 mg/100g of edible portion, with a range of 3.8-50 mg/100g 4. Cabbage falls within this general range for vegetables.
Highest Plant Sterol Content in Vegetables
Vegetables with notably higher plant sterol content include:
- Broccoli
- Brussels sprouts
- Cauliflower
- Olives 4
Significance of Plant Sterols in Diet
Plant sterols have been documented to decrease plasma cholesterol levels by competing with cholesterol for intestinal absorption 5. They occur naturally in plant foods and are currently isolated from soybean and tall oils for commercial applications 5.
Mechanism of Action
Plant sterols compete with cholesterol for intestinal absorption, thus modulating total cholesterol levels 5. They are poorly absorbed and appear to decrease the efficacy of cholesterol absorption 5, 6.
Therapeutic Intake Levels
- Intakes of 2-3g of plant sterols per day have been reported to decrease total and LDL cholesterol levels by 9-20% 5
- Daily consumption of 2g of phytosterols can effectively lower total cholesterol and LDL-C by 7-10% 5
- Intakes above 3g/day confer no additional benefit 5
Clinical Implications
The plant sterol content in cabbage (approximately 14 mg/100g) is far below the therapeutic dose of 2-3g/day needed for cholesterol-lowering effects. To achieve clinically significant cholesterol reduction, one would need to consume unrealistic amounts of cabbage or other vegetables.
For individuals requiring cholesterol management, specialized plant sterol-enriched foods or supplements would be more practical than relying on natural food sources alone 5.
Average Dietary Intake
The average human consumption of plant sterols has been estimated to be about 150-350 mg/day, with higher intake among vegetarians 1. This natural intake level is still well below the therapeutic dose for cholesterol reduction.