Aortic Stenosis: This condition, characterized by the narrowing of the aortic valve, can lead to reduced cardiac output, resulting in symptoms such as light headedness and dizziness, especially upon exertion. The narrowing restricts blood flow from the heart to the rest of the body, potentially causing these symptoms.

Arrhythmias (e.g., Atrial Fibrillation, Supraventricular Tachycardia): Abnormal heart rhythms can lead to inadequate blood circulation, causing dizziness and light headedness. These conditions can reduce the heart's efficiency in pumping blood.
Heart Failure: Both left and right-sided heart failure can cause dizziness and light headedness due to decreased cardiac output and potential electrolyte imbalances affecting heart function.
Mitral Valve Prolapse: Although often asymptomatic, in some cases, mitral valve prolapse can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or significant mitral regurgitation, potentially causing dizziness.

Cardiac Tamponade: A life-threatening condition where fluid accumulates in the sac around the heart (pericardium), compressing the heart and severely impairing its ability to pump blood. Dizziness and light headedness are common symptoms due to the reduced cardiac output.
Pulmonary Embolism: While not exclusively a cardiac condition, it can lead to sudden onset of dizziness and light headedness due to the blockage of an artery in the lungs, which can significantly impact cardiac function and overall circulation.
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: This condition can cause obstructive symptoms, arrhythmias, or sudden cardiac death, with dizziness and light headedness being potential symptoms due to outflow tract obstruction or arrhythmias.

Cardiac Sarcoidosis: A rare condition where granulomas form in the heart, potentially leading to arrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden death. Dizziness and light headedness can occur due to the disruption of normal heart function.
Constrictive Pericarditis: A condition where the pericardium becomes stiff and fibrotic, restricting the heart's ability to fill with blood properly. This can lead to symptoms including dizziness and light headedness due to reduced cardiac output.
Marfan Syndrome with Aortic Root Dilatation: A genetic disorder that can affect the aorta, leading to dilatation and potentially life-threatening aortic dissection or rupture. Dizziness and light headedness can be symptoms if there is significant aortic regurgitation or impending dissection.