Differential Diagnosis for Testicle Pain
- Single most likely diagnosis
- Epididymitis: This is the most common cause of testicle pain, especially in young men. It is usually caused by a bacterial infection and is characterized by pain, swelling, and inflammation of the epididymis.
- Other Likely diagnoses
- Orchitis: Inflammation of one or both testicles, usually caused by a viral or bacterial infection. It can cause severe pain, swelling, and redness of the testicle.
- Testicular torsion (partial): A condition where the spermatic cord becomes twisted, cutting off the blood supply to the testicle. It can cause severe pain, swelling, and nausea.
- Varicocele: An enlargement of the veins within the scrotum, similar to varicose veins. It can cause a dull ache or feeling of heaviness in the testicle.
- Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
- Testicular torsion (complete): A medical emergency that requires immediate attention. If left untreated, it can lead to the death of the testicle and potentially life-threatening complications.
- Testicular cancer: Although rare, testicular cancer can cause pain, swelling, or a lump in the testicle. Early detection is crucial for effective treatment.
- Appendicitis (with referred pain): In some cases, appendicitis can cause referred pain to the testicle. If left untreated, appendicitis can lead to life-threatening complications.
- Rare diagnoses
- Henoch-Schönlein purpura: A rare condition that causes inflammation of the blood vessels, which can lead to testicle pain, swelling, and bruising.
- Polyarteritis nodosa: A rare autoimmune disorder that can cause inflammation of the blood vessels, leading to testicle pain, swelling, and other systemic symptoms.
- Spermatic cord cyst: A rare condition where a cyst forms on the spermatic cord, causing pain, swelling, and discomfort in the testicle.