Differential Diagnosis for Skin Rash
- Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema): This is a common condition characterized by itchy, inflamed skin. It's often seen in individuals with a history of allergies or asthma, and its chronic nature makes it a frequent diagnosis for skin rashes.
- Other Likely Diagnoses
- Contact Dermatitis: An allergic or irritant reaction to substances like soaps, detergents, or metals, leading to a skin rash. This is common and can occur in anyone, depending on exposure.
- Psoriasis: An autoimmune condition causing thick, scaly, red plaques. It's relatively common and can be triggered by various factors, including stress and certain medications.
- Seborrheic Dermatitis: A condition causing scaly patches, red skin, and stubborn dandruff, often affecting oily areas of the body. It's common and can be associated with stress and neurological conditions.
- Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Meningococcemia: A severe infection that can cause a rash, often accompanied by fever, headache, and stiff neck. It's life-threatening and requires immediate medical attention.
- Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: Severe skin and mucous membrane disorders, usually a reaction to medication or infection. These conditions are medical emergencies due to their high mortality rate.
- Lyme Disease: Caused by a tick bite, leading to a distinctive "bull's-eye" rash, fever, headache, and fatigue. If untreated, it can lead to serious complications.
- Rare Diagnoses
- Pemphigus: A group of autoimmune diseases causing blistering of the skin and mucous membranes. It's rare but can be life-threatening if not treated.
- Dermatomyositis: An inflammatory disease characterized by skin rash and muscle weakness. It's rare and can be associated with underlying malignancies.
- Kawasaki Disease: A condition mainly affecting children, causing fever, rash, swelling of hands and feet, and other symptoms. It's rare but can lead to serious cardiac complications if not treated promptly.