Differential Diagnosis for 21 y/o Female with Hair Loss
- Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Androgenetic Alopecia (Female Pattern Hair Loss): This is the most common cause of hair loss in women, characterized by a gradual thinning of hair over the scalp, often with a distinctive pattern of hair loss. It's influenced by genetics, hormones, and age.
- Other Likely Diagnoses
- Telogen Effluvium: A condition that can be triggered by stress, hormonal changes, or certain medications, leading to an increase in the number of hair follicles that stop growing and enter the resting phase, resulting in excessive hair shedding.
- Alopecia Areata: An autoimmune condition that causes patchy hair loss, which can occur at any age and may be associated with other autoimmune diseases.
- Nutritional Deficiencies (e.g., Iron, Zinc, Biotin): Deficiencies in these nutrients can lead to hair loss, and given the age and potential dietary habits of a 21-year-old, this is a plausible consideration.
- Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Thyroid Disorders (Hypothyroidism or Hyperthyroidism): Both underactive and overactive thyroid glands can cause hair loss, among other symptoms. Early detection is crucial for treatment and prevention of long-term complications.
- Lupus: Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease that can cause hair loss, along with a variety of other symptoms. It's essential to diagnose and treat lupus early to prevent serious complications.
- Pituitary Tumors: Although rare, tumors affecting the pituitary gland can disrupt hormone production, leading to hair loss among other symptoms. Early diagnosis is critical for effective management.
- Rare Diagnoses
- Trichotillomania: A psychological disorder characterized by an irresistible urge to pull out one's own hair, leading to noticeable hair loss.
- Tinea Capitis (Ringworm of the Scalp): A fungal infection that can cause hair loss, usually accompanied by other symptoms like redness, itching, and circular patches on the scalp.
- Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: A rare condition characterized by hair loss and scarring on the scalp, typically affecting postmenopausal women but can occur in younger women as well.