Differential Diagnosis for Single Echogenic Foci at Left Ventricle of Fetal Heart
- Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Papillary Muscle Calcification: This is often considered the most common and benign cause of an echogenic focus seen within the fetal heart, particularly when it is isolated and found in the left ventricle. It is thought to represent a normal variant or a benign calcification of the papillary muscle.
- Other Likely Diagnoses
- Fibroelastoma: Although less common, fibroelastomas are benign cardiac tumors that can appear as echogenic foci. They are usually found on the valves but can also be seen in the ventricles.
- Myxoma: Cardiac myxomas are rare in fetuses but can present as echogenic masses. They are typically benign but can cause obstructive symptoms.
- Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Rhabdomyoma: Associated with tuberous sclerosis, rhabdomyomas can be single or multiple and are often found in the ventricles. They can cause arrhythmias and obstructive symptoms, making early diagnosis crucial.
- Teratoma: Although rare, cardiac teratomas can present as echogenic foci or masses within the heart. They can cause significant morbidity due to their potential to obstruct blood flow or cause arrhythmias.
- Rare Diagnoses
- Hemangioma: Cardiac hemangiomas are rare and can appear as echogenic foci. They are usually benign but can cause symptoms depending on their location and size.
- Cardiac Metastasis: Extremely rare in fetuses, metastasis to the heart from other fetal tumors can present as echogenic foci or masses. The primary tumor would typically be identified elsewhere in the fetus.