Differential Diagnosis for Testicular Pain in an 8-Month-Old
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Torsion of the testicular appendages: This condition is a common cause of acute testicular pain in infants and young children. The appendages can twist, cutting off their blood supply, which leads to severe pain.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Epididymitis: Although less common in infants, epididymitis (inflammation of the epididymis) can occur and cause testicular pain. It might be associated with a urinary tract infection.
- Orchitis: Inflammation of one or both testicles, usually caused by bacterial or viral infections, can lead to pain.
- Hydrocele: A hydrocele is an accumulation of fluid in the tunica vaginalis, a potential space around the testicle. It can cause discomfort or pain.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Testicular torsion: This is a surgical emergency. If missed, it can lead to loss of the testicle due to interrupted blood supply. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial.
- Incercerated inguinal hernia: An inguinal hernia that becomes trapped and cannot be pushed back into the abdomen can cause severe pain and potentially compromise blood supply to the testicle or surrounding structures.
Rare Diagnoses
- Testicular tumor: Although rare in infants, testicular tumors can cause pain and should be considered in the differential diagnosis.
- Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP): A systemic vasculitis that can cause testicular pain among other symptoms like purpura, arthritis, and abdominal pain.
- Trauma: Accidental or non-accidental injury to the testicles can cause pain and should be considered, especially if there are other signs of trauma.