From the Research
Causes of Diabetes Insipidus (DI)
The causes of Diabetes Insipidus (DI) can be categorized into several types, including:
- Central Diabetes Insipidus: caused by impaired secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the posterior pituitary gland 1, 2, 3, 4
- Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus: caused by impaired renal response to ADH 1, 5, 3, 4
- Primary Polydipsia: caused by excessive fluid intake 1, 4
- Gestational Diabetes Insipidus: caused by increased metabolism of the hormone during pregnancy 1, 4
Specific Causes of Central Diabetes Insipidus
Central Diabetes Insipidus can be caused by:
- Destruction of the neurohypophysis by anatomic lesions, surgery, or head trauma 2
- Autoimmune destruction of the vasopressin neurons 2
- Genetic forms, which have been advanced greatly in recent years 1
- Craniopharyngioma or germinoma, especially in patients under 30 years old 4
- Metastasis, especially in patients over 50 years old 4
- Head trauma, which can lead to hypopituitarism, including DI in 2% of cases 4
- Endoscopic transphenoidal surgeries, which can cause transient or permanent DI in 8-9% of cases 4
Other Causes of DI
Other causes of DI include: