From the Guidelines
To alleviate hiccups in neonates, gentle feeding techniques and burping should be tried first, as these methods are non-invasive and can help release trapped air that may cause hiccups. When considering the management of neonates, it's essential to prioritize their comfort and safety, and the provided evidence, although focused on neonatal epidermolysis bullosa, emphasizes the importance of gentle care techniques [ 1 ].
Key Considerations for Alleviating Hiccups in Neonates
- Gentle feeding techniques, such as offering a pacifier or feeding slowly, can help prevent hiccups by reducing the amount of air swallowed [ 1 ].
- Burping the baby frequently during and after feedings is crucial, as it helps release trapped air that may cause hiccups.
- Gentle movements, like holding the baby upright against the shoulder and patting their back softly, or changing their position, can also be effective in alleviating hiccups.
- While there is limited scientific evidence for the use of gripe water in newborns, some parents find it helpful, but it's essential to follow package instructions carefully.
Importance of Monitoring and Medical Attention
- Hiccups in newborns are typically harmless and resolve on their own within 5-10 minutes without intervention.
- However, if hiccups persist for more than an hour, cause distress, or are accompanied by other symptoms like vomiting or difficulty breathing, it's crucial to consult a pediatrician, as this could indicate an underlying issue requiring medical attention [ 1 ].
Prioritizing Neonatal Care and Safety
- The management of neonates, especially those with conditions like epidermolysis bullosa, requires careful consideration of their skin and overall health [ 1 ].
- Techniques that reduce friction and trauma, such as using emollients and soft clothing, are essential in preventing further complications [ 1 ].
- Given the potential for hiccups to be a sign of an underlying issue, and the importance of gentle care in neonates, prioritizing non-invasive and comforting techniques is essential.
From the Research
Effective Methods to Alleviate Hiccups in Neonates
- There are no specific studies on alleviating hiccups in neonates, but general treatments for hiccups can be considered:
- Physical maneuvers to stimulate the uvula or pharynx, or disrupt diaphragmatic rhythm 2
- Pharmacotherapy, such as chlorpromazine, metoclopramide, baclofen, and gabapentin, which have been used to treat persistent and intractable hiccups in adults and children 3, 2, 4, 5
- Addressing underlying conditions, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, which may be contributing to the hiccups 6, 4
- It is essential to note that the treatment of hiccups in neonates should be directed at the underlying cause whenever possible, and medical intervention may be considered when hiccups are bothersome, persistent, or intractable 6
- The use of baclofen and gabapentin may be considered as first-line therapy for persistent and intractable hiccups, with metoclopramide and chlorpromazine in reserve, based on limited efficacy and safety data in adults and children 4
- Non-pharmacological approaches, such as nerve blockade, pacing, acupuncture, and measures to hold breathing, have also been successful in treating hiccups in adults and children 3