Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): This condition is common in the elderly and can cause chronic sore throat due to the reflux of stomach acid into the esophagus, irritating the throat.

Pharyngitis: Bacterial or viral infections can cause pharyngitis, which is a common cause of sore throat in all age groups, including the elderly.
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux (LPR): Similar to GERD, LPR involves the reflux of stomach acid, but it primarily affects the larynx and pharynx, leading to symptoms like sore throat.
Dental Issues: Poor dental health, which is common in the elderly, can lead to referred pain to the throat, causing a sore throat sensation.
Dry Mouth (Xerostomia): Decreased saliva production, often due to medications or aging, can lead to throat discomfort and soreness.

Oropharyngeal Cancer: Although less common, oropharyngeal cancer can present with a chronic sore throat and is critical to diagnose early due to its potential for significant morbidity and mortality.
Epiglottitis: This is a medical emergency that can cause severe sore throat, difficulty swallowing, and shortness of breath. It requires prompt diagnosis and treatment.
Tuberculosis (TB): TB can affect the throat and cause chronic sore throat, among other symptoms. It's crucial to consider, especially in high-risk populations or those with exposure history.

Sjögren's Syndrome: An autoimmune disorder that can cause dry mouth and throat, leading to sore throat symptoms, though it's less common in the presentation of a sole symptom of chronic sore throat.
Angioedema: A rare condition that can cause swelling of the throat, leading to sore throat and potentially life-threatening airway obstruction if not promptly treated.
Thyroiditis: Inflammation of the thyroid gland can cause throat pain and soreness, though it's an uncommon cause of chronic severe sore throat in the elderly.