Muscle strain: This is the most common cause of anterior neck pain, often resulting from overuse, poor posture, or trauma. The pain is typically localized to the affected muscle and may be accompanied by limited range of motion.

Cervical spondylosis: This condition involves wear and tear on the cervical spine, leading to pain and stiffness in the neck. It is more common in older adults and may be associated with radiculopathy or myelopathy.
Thyroiditis: Inflammation of the thyroid gland can cause anterior neck pain, often accompanied by thyroid dysfunction and other systemic symptoms.
Cervical herniated disc: A herniated disc in the cervical spine can cause pain, numbness, and weakness in the neck and arm.

Epidural abscess: A rare but potentially life-threatening condition, an epidural abscess can cause severe neck pain, fever, and neurological deficits. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent serious complications.
Cervical spine fracture: A fracture of the cervical spine can cause severe neck pain and may be associated with neurological deficits or instability of the spine.
Thyroid cancer: Although rare, thyroid cancer can cause anterior neck pain, often accompanied by a palpable mass or other systemic symptoms.

Tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis: A rare condition caused by tuberculosis infection of the cervical lymph nodes, which can cause anterior neck pain, swelling, and systemic symptoms.
Cervical osteomyelitis: A rare infection of the cervical spine, which can cause severe neck pain, fever, and neurological deficits.
Retropharyngeal abscess: A rare but potentially life-threatening condition, a retropharyngeal abscess can cause severe neck pain, fever, and respiratory distress.