Differential Diagnosis for Blisters on Tongue
- Single most likely diagnosis
- Oral thrush or candidiasis: This is a common condition, especially in immunocompromised individuals or those with poor oral hygiene, characterized by white patches and potentially blisters on the tongue and other oral mucosa.
- Other Likely diagnoses
- Aphthous ulcers: Also known as canker sores, these are small, painful ulcers that can appear on the tongue and inside the mouth. They are very common and can sometimes present with a blister-like appearance before they rupture.
- Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection: HSV can cause oral herpes, leading to blisters or cold sores on or around the mouth, including the tongue, especially during the initial outbreak.
- Trauma: Accidental biting of the tongue or other mechanical injuries can lead to the formation of blisters.
- Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed)
- Erythema multiforme: A skin condition characterized by target lesions, which can sometimes involve the mucous membranes, including the tongue, and can be a sign of a severe allergic reaction or infection.
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome: A rare but serious disorder of the skin and mucous membranes, usually a reaction to medication or infection, which can cause blisters and is potentially life-threatening.
- Pemphigus vulgaris: An autoimmune disease causing blistering of the skin and mucous membranes, which can be severe and life-threatening if not treated promptly.
- Rare diagnoses
- Angina bullosa hemorrhagica: A rare condition characterized by the sudden appearance of blood blisters on the mucous membranes, often on the tongue or inside the cheek.
- Oral pemphigoid: An autoimmune disease that can cause blistering lesions on the oral mucosa, including the tongue.
- Behçet's disease: A form of vasculitis that can cause a variety of symptoms, including oral ulcers and potentially blisters on the tongue, though this is less common.