From the Guidelines

Periungual warts are caused by the Human Papillomavirus (HPV), with HPV16 being a specific type associated with an increased risk of cancer.

The etiology of periungual warts is linked to HPV, which can be transmitted through skin-to-skin contact or indirectly through contaminated surfaces 1.
The transmission rate of periungual warts is not explicitly stated in the provided evidence, but it is known that HPV is a highly contagious virus.

Risk factors for periungual warts include exposure to HPV, particularly HPV16, which has been detected in situ in periungual squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in situ 1.
Other risk factors may include immunosuppression, trauma to the nail area, and poor hygiene.

Treatment options for periungual warts include local excision, Mohs micrographic surgery, or distal phalanx amputation 1.
Alternative treatments such as electrosurgery, cryotherapy, and radiotherapy may also be used, but these methods may not provide adequate histological control of tumor margins.
Topical treatments like 5-FU cream may be effective in some cases, with one study showing clearance of lesions after 4-5 weeks of treatment 1.

There is an association between HPV and cervical cancer, as HPV16 is a high-risk type that can cause both periungual warts and cervical cancer.
However, the provided evidence does not specifically address the association between periungual warts and cervical cancer, and more research is needed to fully understand this relationship.

From the Research

Periungual warts are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, with HPV 1,2,4,27, and 57 being the most common types 2, 3, 4.
HPV 16 and 18 are associated with malignant transformation to squamous cell carcinoma, while HPV 2 and 7 are associated with "butcher's warts" 2.

The transmission rate of periungual warts is not explicitly stated in the provided studies.
Risk factors for developing periungual warts include maceration and trauma, especially nail biting 3.

Treatment options for periungual warts include:
- Topical therapies, such as keratolytic agents, virucidal agents, and immunomodulators 3.
- Intralesional therapies, such as bleomycin 2 and cidofovir 5.
- Systemic agents 2.
- Surgical procedures, such as cryotherapy, surgical excision, electrosurgery, infrared coagulation, and laser therapy 3, 4.
Intralesional cidofovir has been shown to be effective in treating recalcitrant periungual warts, with 100% of patients seeing improvement and 77.8% having near to complete resolution 5.
Photodynamic therapy combined with liquid nitrogen cryotherapy and curettage has also been used to successfully treat periungual and subungual warts 4.

There is no direct association between periungual warts and cervical cancer mentioned in the provided studies.
However, HPV 16 and 18, which are associated with periungual warts, are also associated with cervical cancer 2.