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Differential Diagnosis for a Throbbing Thumb that Can't be Bent

  • Single Most Likely Diagnosis

    • De Quervain's Tenosynovitis: This condition, which affects the tendons on the thumb side of your wrist, can cause pain and tenderness, especially when forming a fist, grasping, or turning the wrist. The throbbing pain and inability to bend the thumb are consistent with this diagnosis due to the inflammation of the tendon sheath.

  • Other Likely Diagnoses

    • Trigger Thumb: Characterized by a clicking or snapping sensation when bending the thumb, trigger thumb can lead to pain and stiffness, making it difficult to bend the thumb. The throbbing could be due to the repetitive strain or inflammation around the tendon.
    • Thumb Sprain: A sprain can cause pain, swelling, and limited mobility of the thumb. If the sprain is severe, it could lead to a throbbing sensation and difficulty bending the thumb.
    • Arthritis (Osteoarthritis or Rheumatoid Arthritis): Both forms of arthritis can affect the thumb, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. The throbbing could be due to inflammation and joint damage.

  • Do Not Miss Diagnoses

    • Ganglion Cyst: Although often painless, a ganglion cyst near the thumb joint could cause pain and limit movement if it presses on nearby nerves or tendons. It's crucial to diagnose and treat to prevent nerve damage.
    • Infection (Septic Arthritis or Osteomyelitis): An infection in the joint or bone of the thumb could cause severe pain, redness, swelling, and limited mobility. This is a medical emergency requiring prompt antibiotic treatment.
    • Nerve Compression (Radial or Median Neuropathy): Compression of the nerves supplying the thumb can cause pain, numbness, and weakness, potentially leading to an inability to bend the thumb. Early diagnosis is crucial to prevent permanent nerve damage.

  • Rare Diagnoses

    • Tumor (Benign or Malignant): Although rare, tumors in the thumb or wrist area can cause pain and limited mobility. A thorough examination and possibly imaging studies are necessary for diagnosis.
    • Gout: Gout affecting the thumb joint can cause sudden, severe pain and swelling, potentially leading to limited mobility. It's less common in the thumb compared to other joints but should be considered, especially in patients with a history of gout.

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Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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