Differential Diagnosis for Penis Swelling
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Phimosis: This condition, where the foreskin cannot be fully retracted over the glans penis, can lead to swelling due to trapped moisture and potential infection. It's a common issue in uncircumcised males and can be managed with topical steroids or circumcision in severe cases.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Balanitis: An inflammation of the glans penis, often caused by poor hygiene, infections (bacterial, fungal, or viral), or allergic reactions. It presents with swelling, redness, and sometimes discharge.
- Urinary Tract Infection (UTI): While more common in women, men can also experience UTIs, which can cause swelling of the penis due to the infection spreading to the genital area.
- Allergic Reaction: An allergic reaction to certain soaps, condoms, or other products can cause swelling, itching, and redness of the penis.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Paraphimosis: A medical emergency where the foreskin is retracted behind the glans and cannot be returned to its original position, leading to swelling, pain, and potential ischemia of the glans. Immediate medical attention is required to prevent serious complications.
- Penile Fracture: A rare but serious condition that occurs when the penis is forcefully bent, causing a rupture of the tunica albuginea. It requires immediate surgical intervention to prevent long-term damage.
- Cellulitis or Abscess: Bacterial infections of the skin and soft tissues of the penis can lead to severe swelling, pain, and systemic infection if not promptly treated with antibiotics.
Rare Diagnoses
- Peyronie's Disease: A condition characterized by the development of fibrous scar tissue inside the penis, leading to curved, painful erections. While it doesn't typically cause swelling, it can lead to penile deformity and erectile dysfunction.
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A type of skin cancer that can occur on the penis, presenting with a lesion or swelling. It's rare but important to diagnose early for effective treatment.
- Lymphogranuloma Venereum (LGV): A sexually transmitted infection caused by certain strains of Chlamydia trachomatis, which can cause swelling of the lymph nodes in the groin area and, less commonly, swelling of the penis itself.