From the Research
For a cough, I recommend honey-based syrups as the first line of treatment, especially for nighttime coughs, due to their effectiveness and safety profile, as suggested by the most recent and highest quality study 1. When it comes to cough syrups, there are several options available, including dextromethorphan and guaifenesin. However, the evidence suggests that honey-based syrups may be a better option, particularly for children.
- Dextromethorphan, found in Robitussin DM and Delsym, can be used for dry coughs, but its effectiveness is modest at best, as shown in studies 2, 3.
- Guaifenesin, found in Mucinex and Robitussin, can be used for productive coughs with mucus, but its effectiveness is also limited, as shown in studies 2, 1.
- Honey-based syrups, on the other hand, have been shown to be effective in reducing the frequency and severity of coughs, especially in children, as suggested by study 1. It's also important to note that children under 4 should not use OTC cough medications, and honey should be avoided in children under 1 year due to the risk of botulism.
- Most coughs resolve within 1-2 weeks, but if the cough persists beyond 3 weeks, is accompanied by a fever over 101°F, produces discolored phlegm, or causes breathing difficulties, medical attention should be sought.
- Staying hydrated and using a humidifier can complement medication for faster relief, and cough syrups work by either suppressing the cough reflex in the brain or thinning mucus to make it easier to clear. However, it's crucial to exercise caution when using dextromethorphan, as it can have serious side effects, especially in slow metabolizers, as reported in study 4, and in excessive quantities, as shown in study 5.