Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA): This is the most common chronic rheumatic disease in children, characterized by joint pain and inflammation. The diagnosis is often made based on clinical presentation, laboratory tests, and exclusion of other causes.

Viral infections (e.g., parvovirus, coxsackievirus): Various viral infections can cause joint pain in children, often accompanied by other symptoms like fever and rash.
Growing pains: Although typically affecting the legs, growing pains can sometimes be perceived as all-over joint pain in pediatric patients.
Hypermobility syndrome: Children with joint hypermobility may experience pain and discomfort in multiple joints due to ligament laxity.

Lyme disease: Caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, Lyme disease can present with joint pain, among other symptoms, and is crucial to diagnose early to prevent long-term complications.
Leukemia or lymphoma: Malignancies can cause bone and joint pain, and it is critical to consider these diagnoses to initiate timely treatment.
Sickle cell disease: Patients with sickle cell disease can experience joint pain during sickle cell crises, which requires prompt management.
Osteomyelitis or septic arthritis: Infectious processes that can cause severe joint pain and have significant consequences if not treated promptly.

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: A group of disorders that affect connective tissues, which can lead to joint hypermobility and pain.
Fibromyalgia: Although more common in adults, fibromyalgia can occur in children, characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain.
Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO): A rare condition that causes recurring episodes of bone inflammation and pain.
Autoinflammatory disorders (e.g., periodic fever syndromes): Conditions like familial Mediterranean fever can cause recurrent episodes of fever and joint pain.