Differential Diagnosis for Deep Pain near Lateral Epicondyle with Radiation into Forearm

Single Most Likely Diagnosis

• Lateral Epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow): This condition is characterized by pain and tenderness on the lateral aspect of the elbow, which can radiate into the forearm. It is often associated with activities that involve repetitive wrist extension, making it a common diagnosis for individuals who engage in sports like tennis or jobs that require repetitive arm movements.

Other Likely Diagnoses

• Radial Tunnel Syndrome: This condition involves compression of the radial nerve as it passes through the radial tunnel near the elbow, leading to pain in the back of the hand and forearm, which can sometimes be referred to the lateral epicondyle area.
• Elbow Strain or Sprain: Acute injuries to the muscles or ligaments around the elbow can cause deep pain and may radiate into the forearm, depending on the specific structures involved.
• Olecranon Bursitis: Although primarily causing pain and swelling at the back of the elbow, severe cases of olecranon bursitis might refer pain to the lateral or medial aspects of the elbow, including the area near the lateral epicondyle.

Do Not Miss Diagnoses

• Fracture of the Radial Head or Neck: A fracture in this area can cause deep pain near the lateral epicondyle and radiate into the forearm, especially with movements of the elbow or wrist.
• Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Capitellum: This condition involves a piece of cartilage and bone becoming detached from the capitellum, leading to elbow pain that can be localized near the lateral epicondyle and may radiate.
• Infection (Septic Arthritis or Osteomyelitis): Although less common, infections around the elbow joint or bone can cause severe, deep pain and must be considered, especially if there are systemic symptoms like fever.

Rare Diagnoses

• Ganglion Cyst: A ganglion cyst near the lateral epicondyle could potentially cause localized pain and, if large enough, might radiate pain into the forearm.
• Elbow Tumors (Benign or Malignant): Tumors around the elbow are rare but could cause deep, persistent pain near the lateral epicondyle with possible radiation into the forearm.
• Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS): This is a rare condition characterized by chronic pain, inflammation, and hypersensitivity, which could potentially present with deep pain near the lateral epicondyle and forearm, although it usually involves more widespread symptoms.