Generic Name for Vistaril
The generic name for Vistaril is hydroxyzine. 1
Hydroxyzine is an antihistamine medication that has several clinical applications:
Pharmacology and Mechanism of Action
- Hydroxyzine is a first-generation antihistamine that works by blocking histamine receptors
- It is chemically unrelated to phenothiazines, reserpine, meprobamate, or benzodiazepines 1
- It acts by suppressing activity in key regions of the subcortical area of the central nervous system
- It has demonstrated antihistaminic, bronchodilator, and analgesic effects 1
Formulations
- Available in multiple oral dosage strengths: 10 mg, 25 mg, and 50 mg tablets 1
- Rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract with clinical effects usually noted within 15-30 minutes after oral administration 1
Clinical Applications
- Used for treating urticaria (hives) and pruritus associated with allergic conditions 2
- Prescribed for anxiety disorders 3
- Used for nausea/vomiting and atopic dermatitis or eczema 4
Dosing Considerations
- For urticaria treatment: 25 mg three to four times daily 2
- For pruritus associated with allergic conditions: 25-50 mg daily 2
- Elderly patients should start with the lowest possible dose (10 mg) due to increased sensitivity 2
- In moderate renal impairment, the dose should be reduced by 50%, and it should be avoided in severe renal impairment 5
Side Effects and Precautions
- Most common side effect is transient sleepiness/drowsiness 2
- Can cause dry mouth, weight gain, and loss of concentration 2
- May impair driving and psychomotor function 4
- First-generation antihistamines like hydroxyzine have been associated with impaired learning and school performance in children 2
- Should be used with caution in patients with severe liver disease 2
Important Considerations
- Hydroxyzine is contraindicated during early pregnancy 2
- Concomitant use with alcohol, sedatives, hypnotics, or antidepressant medications should be avoided 2
- It can be used in combination with other treatments for managing various conditions 2
Hydroxyzine is an effective medication for multiple conditions, but its sedating properties should be considered when prescribing, especially for elderly patients or those who need to drive or operate machinery.