Differential Diagnosis for Sudden Intrauterine Death of Baby
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Placental Abruption: This condition, where the placenta separates from the uterus, is a common cause of sudden intrauterine fetal death due to the interruption of fetal oxygenation and nutrition.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Umbilical Cord Accidents: Issues such as umbilical cord prolapse, torsion, or compression can lead to sudden fetal death by compromising fetal circulation.
- Maternal Hypertension or Preeclampsia: These conditions can lead to placental insufficiency and fetal distress, potentially resulting in intrauterine death.
- Fetal Growth Restriction: Due to placental insufficiency, this condition increases the risk of intrauterine fetal death, especially if not properly managed.
- Intrauterine Infections: Certain infections can cause inflammation and damage to the placenta, leading to fetal death.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Maternal Trauma: Physical trauma to the abdomen during pregnancy can cause placental abruption or direct fetal injury, leading to intrauterine death.
- Thrombophilias: Maternal thrombophilic disorders can increase the risk of placental thrombosis and infarction, potentially causing fetal death.
- Amniotic Fluid Embolism: Although rare, this condition is often fatal for both the mother and the fetus and should be considered in cases of sudden intrauterine death.
Rare Diagnoses
- Fetal Congenital Anomalies: Certain severe congenital anomalies can increase the risk of intrauterine death, though they are less common causes compared to other factors.
- Maternal Autoimmune Disorders: Conditions like lupus can increase the risk of fetal loss due to placental inflammation and insufficiency.
- Uterine Rupture: Though rare, uterine rupture can cause sudden intrauterine fetal death, especially in women with a history of uterine surgery.