Adult Dosage of Zinc for Appetite Stimulation
For appetite stimulation in adults, the recommended dosage is 0.5-1 mg/kg per day of elemental zinc for 3-4 months, preferably using organic compounds such as zinc gluconate, zinc histidinate, or zinc orotate due to their better tolerability. 1
Dosage Recommendations
The dosage for zinc supplementation varies based on the specific clinical situation:
- Standard appetite stimulation: 0.5-1 mg/kg/day of elemental zinc for 3-4 months 2, 1
- Preferred zinc compounds:
- Zinc gluconate
- Zinc histidinate
- Zinc orotate
These organic compounds show better tolerability than inorganic forms like zinc sulfate and zinc chloride 2, 1.
Administration Guidelines
- Take zinc supplements on an empty stomach, at least 30 minutes before meals, to maximize absorption 2
- For optimal absorption, avoid taking zinc with foods high in phytates or with other mineral supplements (especially iron and calcium)
- If using multiple daily doses, space them throughout the day
Evidence for Appetite Stimulation
Research supports zinc's role in appetite stimulation, particularly in populations with mild-to-moderate zinc deficiency. In a study of children with mild-to-moderate stunting, zinc supplementation was associated with increased fat-free mass accrual, suggesting an impact on growth and potentially appetite 3.
Monitoring and Safety Considerations
Monitoring
- Plasma zinc levels should be measured to confirm clinical zinc deficiency and monitor adequacy of provision 2
- Simultaneous determination of CRP and albumin is required for proper interpretation of zinc levels 2
Safety Limits and Toxicity
- Zinc intake exceeding 100-300 mg/day can induce copper deficiency with symptoms including anemia and neutropenia 4
- Even lower supplementation levels may interfere with copper and iron utilization 4
- Symptoms of acute zinc toxicity include nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, lethargy, and fatigue 4
- Gastric irritation is a common side effect, which may vary depending on the zinc salt used 2
Special Considerations
- Absorption efficiency: Zinc absorption follows a saturable dose-response model, with diminishing returns at doses above 20 mg 5
- Form matters: Zinc gluconate shows approximately 18.3% higher peak plasma concentration compared to zinc oxide, suggesting better bioavailability of this organic form 6
- Timing: Avoid taking zinc supplements with food as this interferes with absorption 2
Practical Recommendations
For an adult seeking appetite stimulation:
- Start with 0.5 mg/kg/day of elemental zinc (typically 30-40 mg for an average adult)
- Use zinc gluconate, zinc histidinate, or zinc orotate formulations
- Take on an empty stomach, 30 minutes before meals
- Continue supplementation for 3-4 months
- Monitor for improvement in appetite and potential side effects
- Consider measuring plasma zinc levels, along with CRP and albumin, to assess adequacy of supplementation
This approach provides a targeted intervention for appetite stimulation while minimizing the risk of adverse effects from excessive zinc intake.