Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: August 16, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

Differential Diagnosis for Kidney Condition with Pain

  • Single most likely diagnosis
    • Nephrolithiasis (Kidney Stones): This is the most common cause of acute kidney pain, often presenting with severe, colicky pain, typically radiating from the flank to the groin.
  • Other Likely diagnoses
    • Pyelonephritis: An infection of the kidney, which can cause flank pain, fever, and other urinary symptoms.
    • Kidney Cyst: A fluid-filled sac in the kidney that can cause pain if it becomes large enough to press on surrounding tissues.
    • Glomerulonephritis: Inflammation of the glomeruli, the filtering units of the kidneys, which can cause pain, hematuria, and proteinuria.
  • Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
    • Renal Infarction: A blockage of the blood supply to the kidney, which can cause severe pain and potentially lead to kidney failure if not promptly treated.
    • Sepsis from a urinary tract infection: While not exclusively a kidney condition, sepsis originating from a urinary tract infection can involve the kidneys and is life-threatening.
    • Renal Cell Carcinoma: Although less common, kidney cancer can cause pain, especially in advanced stages, and early detection is crucial for treatment.
  • Rare diagnoses
    • Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD): A genetic disorder characterized by the growth of numerous cysts in the kidneys, which can cause pain, hypertension, and kidney failure.
    • Renal Artery Aneurysm: A rare condition where an aneurysm forms in the artery supplying the kidney, potentially causing pain and risking rupture.
    • Medullary Sponge Kidney: A rare congenital disorder that can cause the formation of small cysts in the kidneys, leading to pain, kidney stones, and recurrent infections.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.