Differential Diagnosis for Severe Bloating after Eating
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): This is the most common diagnosis for severe bloating after eating, characterized by recurrent abdominal pain associated with a change in bowel habits, such as diarrhea or constipation, and bloating. The symptoms are often triggered by food intake.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Lactose Intolerance: A condition where the body is unable to digest lactose, a sugar found in milk, leading to bloating, gas, and diarrhea after consuming lactose-containing products.
- Fructose Malabsorption: Similar to lactose intolerance, this condition occurs when the body cannot absorb fructose, a sugar found in many fruits and vegetables, leading to bloating and other gastrointestinal symptoms.
- Small Intestine Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO): A condition where there is an abnormal increase in the bacteria that normally inhabit the small intestine, leading to bloating, gas, and changes in bowel habits.
- Food Intolerances (e.g., Gluten, High FODMAP Foods): Certain foods can cause bloating in susceptible individuals, either due to an immune response (like in celiac disease) or due to the difficulty in digesting certain types of carbohydrates (FODMAPs).
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Gastric Cancer: Although rare, gastric cancer can present with nonspecific symptoms including bloating, especially if the tumor obstructs the stomach or affects its motility.
- Ovarian Cancer: Known as the "silent killer," ovarian cancer can cause bloating due to ascites (fluid accumulation in the abdomen) or due to the tumor pressing on the stomach or intestines.
- Intestinal Obstruction: A blockage in the intestine that can cause severe bloating, abdominal pain, and constipation. This is a medical emergency.
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Conditions like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis can cause bloating along with other symptoms like diarrhea, blood in stool, and weight loss.
Rare Diagnoses
- Celiac Disease: An autoimmune disorder where the ingestion of gluten leads to damage in the small intestine, causing bloating, diarrhea, and malabsorption.
- Gastroparesis: A condition where the stomach takes too long to empty its contents, leading to bloating, nausea, and vomiting.
- Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis: A rare condition characterized by the presence of eosinophils in the gastrointestinal tract, leading to inflammation and symptoms like bloating, abdominal pain, and diarrhea.
- Abdominal Lymphoma: A type of cancer that affects the immune system and can cause bloating due to the accumulation of lymphoma cells in the abdomen.