From the Research
Significance of Fever in Nephrotic Syndrome
The presence of fever in a patient with nephrotic syndrome can be an indication of several underlying conditions. Some possible causes of fever in nephrotic syndrome include:
- Infection, which can be a complication of the nephrotic state 1, 2
- Venous thromboembolism, which can occur due to the increased risk of thrombosis in patients with nephrotic syndrome 3, 4
- Acute kidney injury, which can be a spontaneous complication of nephrotic syndrome 4
- Underlying systemic diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, which can cause nephrotic syndrome and fever 4, 2
Diagnostic Considerations
When evaluating a patient with nephrotic syndrome and fever, it is essential to consider the differential diagnosis of the underlying condition, which can include primary renal disorders and secondary diseases such as malignancy, infection, diabetes, and amyloid 3. A thorough diagnostic workup, including urinalysis, serum albumin testing, and renal biopsy, may be necessary to determine the cause of the fever and guide management 4, 1.
Management Implications
The presence of fever in a patient with nephrotic syndrome can have significant implications for management. For example, infection may require prompt antibiotic treatment, while venous thromboembolism may require anticoagulation therapy 4, 1. Additionally, the use of immunosuppressive agents, such as corticosteroids, may need to be adjusted in the presence of fever 2. A nephrologist should be consulted to determine the best course of management for the patient 4.