From the Guidelines
Hypogeusia is most commonly caused by zinc deficiency, which can be treated with supplementation of 25-50mg daily, as supported by the most recent and highest quality study 1.
Causes of Hypogeusia
The causes of hypogeusia can be varied, including:
- Viral infections
- Medication side effects
- Zinc deficiency
- Aging
- Smoking
- Neurological disorders
Importance of Zinc Deficiency
Zinc deficiency is a significant cause of hypogeusia, and supplementation can help restore taste function. According to the espen micronutrient guideline 1, zinc deficiency can cause impaired taste and smell, and supplementation can help alleviate these symptoms.
Treatment Options
Treatment of hypogeusia depends on identifying and addressing the underlying cause. If medication-related, the doctor may adjust dosages or switch medications. For zinc deficiency, supplementation with 25-50mg daily may help restore taste function. Maintaining good oral hygiene, staying hydrated, and avoiding smoking can also improve symptoms.
Additional Considerations
Using flavor enhancers like herbs, spices, or lemon juice can make food more palatable while taste is diminished. Hypogeusia often resolves once the underlying condition is treated, though recovery time varies. The condition occurs because taste receptors on the tongue or the nerves that transmit taste signals to the brain are damaged or affected, disrupting the normal taste perception process. If hypogeusia persists beyond a few weeks or significantly affects eating habits, it is essential to consult a healthcare provider for proper evaluation and treatment.
From the Research
Causes of Hypogeusia
The causes of hypogeusia, a condition characterized by reduced taste sensation, can be varied and multifaceted. Some of the possible causes include:
- Systemic conditions such as diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, and respiratory infections 2
- Nutritional deficiencies, including iron deficiency 3
- Hyposalivation (xerostomia) 4, 3
- Oral candidiasis 3
- Psychiatric distress 3
- Damage to the gustatory afferent nerves and central pathways, such as a unilateral thalamic infarct 5
- Aging, which can lead to decreased taste sensitivity 4
- Certain medications, which can induce dysgeusia or hypogeusia 3, 6
Associated Factors
Several factors can contribute to the development of hypogeusia, including: