Differential Diagnosis for Rash on Child that Itches
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema): This is the most common chronic skin condition in children, characterized by itchy, inflamed skin. The rash often appears on the face, hands, feet, inside the elbows, and behind the knees.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Contact Dermatitis: An itchy rash caused by contact with an allergen or irritant, such as poison ivy, soap, or certain metals.
- Insect Bites: Itchy bites from mosquitoes, fleas, or bed bugs can cause a rash in children.
- Impetigo: A contagious bacterial skin infection that can cause itchy, red sores.
- Scabies: A parasitic infection caused by the scabies mite, leading to intense itching and a pimple-like rash.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Meningococcemia: A life-threatening infection that can cause a rash, although it is typically non-itchy. Early recognition is crucial.
- Kawasaki Disease: An acute febrile illness that can cause a rash, among other symptoms. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent complications.
- Stevens-Johnson Syndrome: A rare but serious disorder of the skin and mucous membranes, often caused by an adverse reaction to medication. It can present with a rash and is a medical emergency.
Rare Diagnoses
- Pityriasis Rosea: A rare skin condition characterized by a rash and intense itching, often following a viral infection.
- Lichen Planus: A chronic inflammatory condition that can affect the skin, mouth, and other areas, causing an itchy rash.
- Bullous Pemphigoid: A rare autoimmune skin disease that can cause large, itchy blisters.
- Dermatitis Herpetiformis: A chronic skin condition characterized by blisters filled with a watery fluid, often associated with celiac disease.