From the Guidelines
Hypocalcemia should be treated with elemental calcium 1 g/d between meals or at bedtime.
Treatment of Hypocalcemia
- The treatment of hypocalcemia involves correcting the low calcium levels to prevent secondary hyperparathyroidism, adverse effects on bone mineralization, and increased mortality 1.
- Elemental calcium 1 g/d can be given between meals or at bedtime to patients with a corrected serum calcium level of 8.5 mg/dl or lower, after addressing phosphorus issues 1.
- However, it is essential to avoid high calcium intake, as it can lead to hypercalcemia and soft-tissue calcification, especially in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) 1.
- In patients with CKD, an individualized approach should be used to treat hypocalcemia, and correction of hypocalcemia may not be necessary in all cases, especially in those receiving calcimimetic treatment 1.
- Patients with significant or symptomatic hypocalcemia may still benefit from correction to prevent adverse consequences 1.
From the Research
Treatment for Hypocalcemia
The treatment for hypocalcemia (low calcium levels) depends on the underlying cause and severity of the condition.
- For acute and severe hypocalcemia, treatment involves intravenous administration of calcium gluconate to rapidly raise calcium levels and resolve symptoms 2, 3.
- For chronic hypocalcemia, treatment typically involves oral calcium and vitamin D supplements, as well as magnesium if deficiency is present 2, 4.
- In cases of hypoparathyroidism, treatment may include thiazide diuretics, phosphate binders, and a low-salt and low-phosphorus diet to help manage the condition 4.
- Recombinant human parathyroid hormone (rhPTH) has been approved for the treatment of hypoparathyroidism, which can help correct serum calcium levels and reduce the need for calcium and vitamin D supplements 2.
Management Considerations
- The goal of treatment is to alleviate symptoms and maintain serum calcium levels within a normal range, rather than completely normalizing calcium levels 5, 6.
- Treatment must be tailored to the individual patient and the underlying cause of their hypocalcemia 5, 6, 2, 3, 4.
- Long-term management of hypocalcemia can be challenging, and patients require regular monitoring and adjustments to their treatment plan as needed 2, 3, 4.