From the Research
Introduction to Induction of Labor
Induction of labor is a medical intervention used to initiate labor in pregnant women. The decision to induce labor is based on various indications, which are supported by evidence from research studies [ 1 ].
Indications for Induction of Labor
The indications for induction of labor can be categorized into several groups, including:
- Post-term gestation: Induction of labor is recommended for women who are past their due date [ 1 ].
- Premature rupture of membranes (PROM): Induction of labor is recommended for women with PROM at term [ 1 ].
- Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR): Induction of labor may be recommended for women with IUGR before term, as it can reduce the risk of intrauterine fetal death [ 1 ].
- Fetal indications: Induction of labor may be recommended for women with fetal indications, such as oligohydramnios, placental abruption, macrosomia, and post-term pregnancy [ 2 ].
Considerations for Induction of Labor
When considering induction of labor, healthcare providers should take into account the following factors:
- Cervical ripening: The cervix should be ripe and favorable for induction [ 3 ].
- Maternal and fetal risks: The benefits of induction of labor should be weighed against the potential maternal and fetal risks [ 3 ].
- Person-centered decision-making: Healthcare providers should engage in person-centered decision-making with women when discussing induction of labor [ 4 ].
Treatment and Management
The treatment and management of induction of labor may involve:
- Cervical ripening agents: Such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) [ 5 ].
- Oxytocin: May be used to augment labor [ 3 ].
- Monitoring: Continuous monitoring of the fetus and mother during induction of labor [ 3 ].
Differentials and Caveats
Healthcare providers should be aware of the following differentials and caveats when considering induction of labor:
- Nulliparity: Nulliparous women may be at higher risk of induction failure and cesarean delivery [ 2 ].
- Maternal age: Advanced maternal age may be associated with a higher risk of induction failure [ 5 ].
- Gestational age: Induction of labor at an earlier gestational age may be associated with a higher risk of induction failure [ 5 ].