What screening should be done in a newborn of a mother with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

From the Research

Screening for Newborns of Mothers with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)

• Newborns of mothers with GDM are at increased risk of complications, including neonatal hypoglycemia, macrosomia, and respiratory distress 1, 2.
• Screening for these complications is essential to ensure proper management and care of the newborn.
• The following screenings should be considered for newborns of mothers with GDM:
  • Blood glucose monitoring to detect neonatal hypoglycemia 1, 2.
  • Physical examination to assess for macrosomia and other birth injuries 1, 2.
  • Monitoring for respiratory distress and other neonatal complications 2.

Recommendations for Screening and Management

• The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) and other medical societies recommend screening for GDM at 24-28 weeks of gestation 3, 2.
• Women with risk factors, such as obesity and family history of diabetes, should be screened earlier and retested at 24-28 weeks if the initial test is negative 3.
• Newborns of mothers with GDM should be monitored closely for complications and managed accordingly 1, 2.
• Breastfeeding and lifestyle modifications can help reduce the risk of developing overt diabetes in women with GDM 3, 2.

Importance of Early Detection and Management

• Early detection and management of GDM can improve maternal and fetal outcomes 4, 5.
• Women with GDM are at increased risk of adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes, but these complications can be prevented with early recognition, intense monitoring, and proper treatment 5.
• Screening for GDM and managing the condition can help reduce the risk of complications and improve outcomes for both mother and baby 4, 1, 3, 2, 5.