What is the dose of acyclovir (antiviral medication) for varicella (chickenpox) infection?

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From the Guidelines

For varicella (chickenpox) infection, the recommended dose of acyclovir is 20 mg/kg body weight (max 400 mg/dose) orally three times daily for 5-14 days in children under 45 kg, and 400 mg/dose orally twice daily for 5-14 days in adults and adolescents. When considering the treatment of varicella infection, it's crucial to prioritize the patient's age and weight to determine the appropriate acyclovir dosage 1. The dosage guidelines are as follows:

  • For children under 45 kg, the dose is 20 mg/kg body weight (max 400 mg/dose) orally three times daily for 5-14 days 1.
  • For adults and adolescents, the dose is 400 mg/dose orally twice daily for 5-14 days 1. It's essential to initiate treatment as soon as possible after symptom onset to maximize the effectiveness of acyclovir 1. Key considerations in the treatment of varicella infection include:
  • Prompt initiation of treatment, ideally within 24 hours of symptom onset
  • Completion of the full treatment course, even if symptoms improve
  • Maintenance of adequate hydration during treatment
  • Monitoring for common side effects, such as nausea, headache, and diarrhea.

From the FDA Drug Label

Treatment of Chickenpox: Children (2 years of age and older):20 mg/kg per dose orally 4 times daily (80 mg/kg/day) for 5 days. Children over 40 kg should receive the adult dose for chickenpox Adults and Children over 40 kg: 800 mg 4 times daily for 5 days. The dose of acyclovir for varicella (chickenpox) infection is:

  • For children (2 years of age and older) weighing less than 40 kg: 20 mg/kg per dose orally 4 times daily (80 mg/kg/day) for 5 days
  • For adults and children over 40 kg: 800 mg 4 times daily for 5 days 2

From the Research

Dose of Acyclovir for Varicella Infection

  • The dose of acyclovir for varicella infection is 20 mg per kilogram of body weight four times daily for five days, as stated in the study 3.
  • Another study 4 mentions that the dose is 80 mg/kg/day up to a maximum of 3,200 mg/day in four divided doses.
  • It is also recommended that intravenous doses of 500 mg/m2 or 10 mg/kg every 8 hours or oral doses of 800 mg five times a day are used, as mentioned in the study 5.

Administration and Duration

  • Acyclovir treatment should be initiated within the first 24 hours of rash onset, as stated in the studies 4 and 3.
  • The duration of treatment is typically 5 days, as mentioned in the studies 4 and 3.
  • A 7-day course of acyclovir provided no additional benefit compared to a 5-day course, as stated in the study 4.

Special Considerations

  • Immunocompromised patients may require different treatment approaches, as mentioned in the studies 6 and 5.
  • The use of corticosteroids in the treatment of chickenpox remains a topic of debate, as mentioned in the study 7.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

A controlled trial of acyclovir for chickenpox in normal children.

The New England journal of medicine, 1991

Research

Antiviral treatment in chickenpox and herpes zoster.

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 1988

Research

Acyclovir in the treatment of chickenpox.

Pediatric nursing, 1992

Research

Therapeutic approach to chickenpox in children and adults--our experience.

Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina), 2012

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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