From the Research
Yes, oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) can increase melanin deposits, also known as hyperpigmentation or melasma, due to the estrogen and progesterone stimulating melanin production when skin is exposed to sunlight. This condition is more commonly seen in women taking combination pills containing ethinyl estradiol with progestins like norethindrone, levonorgestrel, or drospirenone 1. The dark patches typically appear on the face, particularly on the cheeks, forehead, upper lip, and chin.
To minimize this effect, it is recommended to use broad-spectrum sunscreen (SPF 30+) daily, wear protective clothing and hats when outdoors, and consider discussing alternative contraceptive options with your healthcare provider if melasma becomes bothersome 2. Lower-estrogen pills or non-hormonal methods may reduce this risk. The dark spots often fade gradually after discontinuing the pills, though this can take months.
Topical treatments containing hydroquinone, retinoids, or vitamin C may help fade existing spots, but should be used under medical supervision 3. Hydroquinone is still considered the gold standard for the treatment of hyperpigmentation, and combination therapy with different approaches, including consequent UV protection, may be the most effective way to treat this condition 3.
Some key points to consider when managing hyperpigmentation include:
- Making a correct diagnosis based on the disease pathogenesis and a detailed history and clinical examination 2
- Using a systematic approach to diagnose and manage hyperpigmentary disorders 2
- Considering the use of topical skin-lightening agents, laser toning, or chemical peels to treat epidermal hyperpigmentation 2
- Being aware of the potential risks and benefits of different contraceptive methods and their effects on the skin 1